How does the Covid-mRNA vaccine actually work?

How does the immune system learn to recognise an invader?

How does it distinguish between friend and foe? Is the mRNA vaccine perhaps dangerous?

Could an overproduction of virus proteins lead to an overload of the immune system?

These and other questions are answered by Dr. Evelyn Tichy, a virologist and daughter of the interviewer.
Concepts from computer science play an important role here.